PRE-MID TERM TEST (WHAT TO READ)

Dear students,

PLEASE DO YOUR COURSE VALIDATION (VALIDASI SUBJEK) STARTING FROM 5/8/09 - 8/8/09. FAILURE TO VALIDATE WILL CAUSE YOU TO STATUS DROPPED. TQ


Read all this okay. Good luck!

CHAPTER 1 - Introducing psychology

Define psychology.
List and describe the four goals of psychology.

Contrast the nine approaches/perspectives in psychology: structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, psychoanalysis, humanistic psychology, cognitive, neuroscience, evolutionary and sociocultural.

The students understand the history how psychology developed as an independent discipline.(Specialties)

Define basic and applied research, then describe the first four basic steps involved in scientific research.

Describe the guidelines for respecting the rights of human and nonhuman animal participants in research and psychotherapy clients.

Define experiment and describe how independent and dependent variable, and experimental and control groups are important to the experimental method.

Describe researcher and participant problems in research and the experimental safeguards related to them.

CHAPTER 2 - Neuroscience and Biological Foundations

Draw a neuron, label its part and describe the function of each part.

Define neurotransmitter and explain how neurotransmitters act to excite or inhibit action potentials.

Describe the effects of the major neurotransmitters and explain how they are related to some disease, poisons and mind-altering drugs.

Define the major division of the nervous system, list the subdivisions of the central nervous system and describe the functions of the spinal cord.

Locate and describe of the cerebellum and the three parts of the brain stem.

Describe the methods for studying behavioral genetics.

CHAPTER 4 - Perception

List and discuss Gestalt principles of perceptual organization.

Explain perceptual constancy as it relates to size, shape color and brightness.

Explain how a person perceives depth, using binocular and monocular depth cues.
Define potential problems with believing in extrasensory perception.

CHAPTER 6 - Learning

Define learning and conditioning.

Explain the process of classical conditioning, describing the differences between an unconditioned, neutral and conditioned stimulus, and an unconditioned, conditioned and conditioned emotional response.

For classical conditioning: describe stimulus generalization, stimulus discrimination, extinction, spontaneous recovery and higher-order conditioning.

Define operant conditioning and differentiate it from classical conditioning.
Define positive and negative reinforcement

Compare and contrast classical and operant conditioning.

Describe the four processes involved in learning through observation, and describe how cognitive-social learning is related to prejudice and the influence of various media.